Chaka chatha chinadziwonetsera kukhala chowonadi chosinthika ndi chitukuko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa robotiki m'madera ena chikhale chochepa komanso kuchepa m'madera ena, komabe chikuwonetseratu chithunzi cha kukula kwa roboti m'tsogolomu.
Zowona zatsimikizira kuti 2020 ndi chaka cha chipwirikiti komanso chovuta, chovutitsidwa osati ndi chiwonongeko chosaneneka cha mliri wa COVID-19 komanso kukhudzidwa kwake pazachuma, komanso kusatsimikizika komwe kumayenderana ndi zaka za chisankho, popeza makampani ali ndi zisankho zazikulu mpaka malo omwe akuyenera kuthana nawo mzaka zinayi zikubwerazi. Chifukwa chake, kafukufuku waposachedwa wokhudzana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa maloboti ndi Automation World adawonetsa kuti chifukwa chakufunika kosungabe kusamvana, kuthandiziranso njira zogulitsira, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwazinthu, mafakitale ena oyimirira awona kukula kwakukulu kwa robotics, pomwe ena akukhulupirira kuti Investment idayima chifukwa kufunikira kwa zinthu zawo kudatsika ndipo njira yawo yopangira zisankho idayimitsidwa ndi kusatsimikizika pazandale komanso zachuma.
Komabe, chifukwa cha chipwirikiti champhamvu cha chaka chathachi, kuvomerezana kwakukulu pakati pa ogulitsa maloboti-zambiri zomwe zimatsimikiziridwa mu data yathu yofufuza-ndikuti gawo lawo likuyembekezeka kupitiliza kukula mwamphamvu, komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa maloboti posachedwapa Ayenera kupitiliza kufulumizitsa mtsogolo.
Monga maloboti ogwirizana (ma cobots), maloboti am'manja amathanso kufulumizitsa kukula, popeza maloboti ambiri amapitilira kugwiritsa ntchito osakhazikika kupita kumakina osinthika kwambiri. Chiwerengero cha kulera mpaka pano pakati pa omwe adafunsidwa, 44.9% ya omwe adafunsidwawo adanena kuti malo awo opangira misonkhano ndi kupanga amagwiritsa ntchito maloboti monga gawo lofunikira la ntchito zawo. Makamaka, pakati pa omwe ali ndi maloboti, 34.9% amagwiritsa ntchito maloboti ogwirizana (cobots), pomwe otsala 65.1% amagwiritsa ntchito maloboti amakampani okha.
Pali zochenjeza. Ogulitsa ma robot omwe adafunsidwa pankhaniyi akuvomereza kuti zotsatira za kafukufuku zimagwirizana ndi zomwe amawona zonse. Komabe, adawona kuti kulera ana m'mafakitale ena ndikwabwino kwambiri kuposa ena.
Mwachitsanzo, makamaka m'makampani opanga magalimoto, kuchuluka kwa maloboti ndikokwera kwambiri, ndipo zopanga zokha zakhala zikukwaniritsidwa kale mafakitole ena ambiri oyimirira. Mark Joppru, wachiwiri kwa pulezidenti wa ogula ndi utumiki robotics ku ABB, ananena kuti izi si chifukwa makampani magalimoto ali ndi mphamvu kupanga ndalama mkulu ndalama ndalama, komanso chifukwa cha chikhalidwe okhwima ndi yokhazikika ya kupanga magalimoto, amene angapezeke kudzera mu luso loboti lokhazikika.
Mofananamo, pazifukwa zomwezo, kulongedza kwawonanso kuwonjezeka kwa makina, ngakhale makina ambiri olongedza omwe amasuntha zinthu pamzerewu sagwirizana ndi robotics pamaso pa anthu ena. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, zida zamaloboti zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, nthawi zina pamangolo am'manja, kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa mzere wolongedza, pomwe amagwira ntchito zonyamula katundu monga kutsitsa, kutsitsa, ndi kuyika pallet. Ndi m'mapulogalamu omalizawa pomwe kupititsa patsogolo kwa ma robotiki m'magawo onyamula kumayembekezeredwa kuti akwaniritse chitukuko chachikulu.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, masitolo ang'onoang'ono opanga zinthu ndi opanga makontrakitala-omwe mapangidwe awo osakanikirana, otsika kwambiri (HMLV) amapanga nthawi zambiri amafuna kusinthasintha kwakukulu-adakali ndi njira yayitali yopitira kutengera robotics. Malinga ndi a Joe Campbell, manejala wamkulu wa Universal Robot application Development, awa ndiye gwero lalikulu la kulera kotsatira. Ndipotu, Campbell amakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero chonse cha kulera mpaka pano chikhoza kukhala chochepa kwambiri kuposa 44,9% chomwe chimapezeka mu kafukufuku wathu, chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati (SMEs) omwe amatumikiridwa ndi kampani yake amanyalanyazidwa mosavuta ndipo makamaka akadali osawoneka mayanjano amalonda, kufufuza kwa Makampani ndi deta zina.
"Gawo lalikulu la msika silimatumikiridwa mokwanira ndi gulu lonse lodzipangira okha. Tidzapitirizabe kupeza zambiri [SMEs] sabata iliyonse, ngati zilipo, digiri yawo ya automation ndi yochepa kwambiri. Alibe ma robot, kotero izi Ndizovuta kwambiri kudera lakukula kwamtsogolo, "adatero Campbell. “Kafukufuku wambiri wopangidwa ndi bungwe komanso ofalitsa ena sangawafikire anthuwa, satenga nawo mbali m’mawonetsero a zamalonda.
Kupanga magalimoto ndi amodzi mwamafakitale oyimirira, ndipo panthawi ya mliri wa COVID-19 komanso kutsekeka kwake, kufunikira kwatsika kwambiri, zomwe zikupangitsa kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwa maloboti kuchepe m'malo mothamanga. Mchitidwe wa COVID-19 Ngakhale anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti COVID-19 ifulumizitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa maloboti, chodabwitsa kwambiri mu kafukufuku wathu chinali chakuti 75.6% ya omwe adafunsidwa adati mliriwu sunawakakamize kuti agule maloboti atsopano m'malo awo. Kuphatikiza apo, 80% ya anthu omwe adabweretsa maloboti poyankha mliri adagula asanu kapena kuchepera.
Zachidziwikire, monga mavenda ena anenera, zomwe zapezazi sizikutanthauza kuti COVID-19 yakhudza kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma robotiki. M'malo mwake, izi zitha kutanthauza kuti momwe mliriwu umathandizira ma robotiki amasiyanasiyana pakati pa mafakitale ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina, opanga adagula maloboti atsopano mu 2020, zomwe zitha kukhala chifukwa cha zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi COVID-19, monga kufunikira kowonjezera kuchuluka kwa kufunikira kapena kuchuluka kwa mafakitale oyimirira omwe amakwaniritsa zosowa za ogwira ntchito mwachangu. Kusokonezeka kwa unyolo kumakakamiza kubwereranso kwamunda.
Mwachitsanzo, a Scott Marsic, woyang'anira ntchito yayikulu ku Epson Robotic, adati kampani yake yawona kuchuluka kwa zida zodzitetezera (PPE) pakati pakufunika kwa zida zodzitetezera (PPE). Marsic adatsindika kuti chidwi chachikulu cha maloboti m'mafakitalewa chakhazikika pakukulitsa kupanga, m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito maloboti kuti alekanitse kupanga kuti akwaniritse zosowa za anthu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ngakhale makampani oyendetsa galimoto apeza makina abwino ndipo ndizomwe zimagula maloboti atsopano, kutsekedwa kwachepetsa kufunikira kwa mayendedwe, kotero kufunikira kwatsika. Chotsatira chake, makampaniwa adasunga ndalama zambiri zandalama.
“M’miyezi 10 yapitayi, galimoto yanga yayenda makilomita pafupifupi 2,000. Sindinasinthe mafuta kapena matayala atsopano,” anatero Marsic. "Zofuna zanga zatsika. Mukayang'ana makampani opanga magalimoto, atsatira zomwezo. Ngati palibe kufunikira kwa zida zamagalimoto, sangawononge ndalama zambiri. Komano, mukayang'ana kufunikira kowonjezereka M'madera monga zida zachipatala, mankhwala, ngakhale kulongedza kwa ogula, adzawona kufunikira [kuwonjezeka], ndipo ili ndilo malo ogulitsa robots."
Melonee Wise, CEO wa Fetch Robotic, adati chifukwa chazifukwa zofananira, pakhala chiwonjezeko chotengera maloboti m'malo osungiramo zinthu komanso malo osungiramo zinthu. Pomwe ogula akuchulukirachulukira akuyitanitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana pa intaneti, kufunikira kwakula.
Pamutu wogwiritsa ntchito maloboti polumikizana ndi anthu, kuyankha kwathunthu kwa omwe adafunsidwa kunali kofooka, pomwe 16.2% yokha ya omwe adayankha adati izi ndi zomwe zidapangitsa kuti asankhe kugula loboti yatsopano. Zifukwa zodziwika bwino zogulira maloboti ndikuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi 62.2%, kuwonjezera mphamvu zopanga ndi 54.1%, ndikuthetsa vuto la antchito osakwana 37.8%.
Zogwirizana ndi izi ndikuti mwa iwo omwe adagula maloboti poyankha COVID-19, 45% adati adagula maloboti ogwirizana, pomwe 55% otsalawo adasankha maloboti aku mafakitale. Popeza maloboti ogwirizana nthawi zambiri amawonedwa ngati njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera kusamvana chifukwa amatha kugwira ntchito momasuka ndi anthu poyesa kulekanitsa mizere kapena magawo ogwirira ntchito, atha kukhala ndi ziwopsezo zotsika kuposa zomwe amayembekezeredwa pakati pa omwe akuyankha mliriwu. Ikugogomezeranso kuti nkhawa zokhudzana ndi kukwera mtengo kwa ntchito ndi kupezeka, mtundu komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito ndizokulirapo.
Zokambirana zazing'ono zogwirira ntchito ndi opanga mgwirizano m'malo osakanikirana, otsika kwambiri amatha kuyimira malire a kukula kwa robotics, makamaka ma robot ogwirizana (cobots) omwe amadziwika chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwawo. Kuneneratu za kukhazikitsidwa kwamtsogolo Kuyang'ana m'tsogolo, ziyembekezo za ogulitsa maloboti ndizokhazikika. Ambiri akukhulupirira kuti zisankho zikatha komanso kupezeka kwa katemera wa COVID-19 kukuchulukirachulukira, mafakitale omwe chipwirikiti chamsika chachepetsa kutengera kwa maloboti ayambiranso kuchuluka kwakufunika. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mafakitale omwe awona kukula akuyembekezereka kupita patsogolo mofulumira.
Monga chenjezo lomwe lingathe kuyembekezera kwa ogulitsa, zotsatira za kafukufuku wathu ndizochepa pang'ono, ndi ocheperako pang'ono pa kotala la anthu omwe anafunsidwa akunena kuti akufuna kuwonjezera maloboti chaka chamawa. Mwa omwe adafunsidwa, 56.5% akufuna kugula maloboti ogwirizana, ndipo 43.5% akufuna kugula maloboti wamba am'mafakitale.
Komabe, ena ogulitsa adanena kuti ziyembekezo zotsika kwambiri pazotsatira za kafukufuku zitha kukhala zosokeretsa. Mwachitsanzo, Wise amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa kukhazikitsa makina okhazikika okhazikika nthawi zina kumatenga miyezi 9-15, ambiri omwe adafunsidwa omwe adanena kuti sakukonzekera kuwonjezera ma robot ambiri chaka chamawa akhoza kale kukhala ndi ntchito. Kuonjezera apo, Joppru adanena kuti ngakhale kuti 23% yokha ya omwe adafunsidwa akukonzekera kuwonjezera ma robot, anthu ena akhoza kuwonjezereka kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kukula kwa mafakitale kungaonjezeke kwambiri.
Pazinthu zomwe zimayendetsa kugula kwa maloboti enieni, 52.8% idati kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta, 52.6% idati njira yomaliza ya zida za robotic, ndipo 38.5% yokha inali ndi chidwi ndi mawonekedwe apadera ogwirizana. Chotsatirachi chikuwoneka kuti chikutanthauza kuti kusinthasintha, m'malo mwa chitetezo chogwirizana, ndikuyendetsa zomwe amakonda kwambiri ogwiritsa ntchito ma robot ogwirizana.
Izi zikuwonekeratu m'munda wa HMLV. Kumbali ina, opanga amayenera kuthana ndi zovuta za kukwera mtengo kwa ogwira ntchito komanso kuchepa kwa ntchito. Kumbali inayi, nthawi ya moyo wazinthu ndi yaifupi, imafuna kutembenuka mwachangu komanso kusinthika kochulukira. Doug Burnside, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa Zaskawa-Motoman pazamalonda ku North America, ananena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito manja pothana ndi vuto la kutembenuka mtima mwachangu ndikosavuta chifukwa anthu amakhala osinthika. Pokhapokha pamene makina ayamba kuyambitsidwa m'pamene ntchitoyi imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Komabe, kukulitsa kusinthasintha pophatikiza masomphenya, luntha lochita kupanga, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zosinthira zitha kuthandiza kuthana ndi zovuta izi.
M’madera ena, maloboti angakhale othandiza m’madera ena, koma sanayambe kuwagwiritsa ntchito. Malinga ndi Joppru, ABB yakhala ndi zokambirana zoyambilira ndi mafakitale amafuta ndi gasi pakuphatikizira maloboti atsopano pantchito zawo zakumunda, ngakhale kuti kukwaniritsidwa kwa ntchitozi kungatenge zaka zingapo.
"Mu gawo la mafuta ndi gasi, pali njira zambiri zamanja zomwe zikuchitika. Anthu atatu akugwira chitoliro, kenaka amangirira mozungulira, atenge chitoliro chatsopano, ndikuchilumikiza kuti athe kubowola mapazi ena a 20. , "adatero Joppru. "Kodi tingagwiritse ntchito zida za robot kuti tigwiritse ntchito makina, kuti tithetse ntchito yotopetsa, yauve komanso yoopsa? Ichi ndi chitsanzo. Takambirana ndi makasitomala kuti ili ndi malo atsopano olowera maloboti, ndipo sitinathe kuwatsatabe."
Poganizira izi, ngakhale ngati ma workshops, opanga makontrakitala, ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati atakhala odzaza ndi maloboti ngati opanga magalimoto akuluakulu, pali mwayi wokulirapo mtsogolo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-27-2021
