Kuletsa kwatsopano kwa boma la China pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwapangitsa kuti ogulitsa angapo a Apple, Tesla ndi makampani ena ayimitse kwakanthawi kupanga m'mafakitole ambiri aku China.
Malinga ndi malipoti, makampani osachepera 15 aku China omwe adalembapo omwe amapanga zida ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana akuti asiya kupanga chifukwa chakusowa kwamagetsi.
M'masiku aposachedwa, kuzimitsa kwa magetsi ndi kuzimitsa kwachepetsa kapena kutseka mafakitale ku China konse, zomwe zikuwopseza chuma cha China, ndipo zitha kulepheretsanso njira zogulitsira padziko lonse lapansi nyengo yovuta ya Khrisimasi kumadzulo isanafike.
Otsatsa angapo a Apple, Tesla ndi makampani ena adayimitsa kwakanthawi kupanga m'mafakitole ambiri aku China kuti atsatire malamulo okhwima amagetsi ndikuyika pachiwopsezo chapagulu lazinthu zamagetsi panthawi yomwe yakwera kwambiri. Kusunthaku ndi mbali ya ziletso zatsopano zomwe boma la China laletsa pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mdzikolo.
Ponena za Apple, nthawi ndiyofunikira, chifukwa chimphona chaukadaulo changotulutsa zida zake zaposachedwa za iPhone 13, ndipo tsiku lomaliza la mitundu yatsopano ya iPhone lachedwetsedwa, ma backorder akuchulukirachulukira. Ngakhale si onse ogulitsa Apple omwe akukhudzidwa, njira yopangira magawo monga ma boardboard ndi okamba ayimitsidwa kwa masiku angapo.
Akadaulo ati, chuma cha dziko lino chikulephereka chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa magetsi chifukwa cha kuzimitsidwa kwa magetsi. Komabe, malinga ndi a Reuters, opanga zida zazikulu ziwiri zaku Taiwanese, opanga ma chip United Microelectronics ndi TSMC, adati mafakitale awo ku China akugwira ntchito bwino.
Dziko la China ndilomwe limagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso ndi dziko lomwe limatulutsa mpweya woipa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Boma la China lidatseka kwakanthawi magetsi m'malo ambiri opangira magetsi, mwachiwonekere kuti achepetse kukwera kwamitengo kwa ogwiritsa ntchito magetsi komanso kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya.
Malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwa, Apple supplier Unimicron Technology Corp idalengeza pa Seputembara 26 kuti mabungwe ake atatu ku China ayimitsa kupanga kuyambira masana pa Seputembara 26 mpaka pakati pausiku pa Seputembara 30 kuti atsatire mfundo zoletsa mphamvu zaboma. Momwemonso, wopereka zolankhula za Apple wa Apple komanso mwini wake wa chomera cha Suzhou Concraft Holdings Co., Ltd. adalengeza kuti idzayimitsa kupanga kwa masiku asanu mpaka masana pa Seputembara 30, pomwe zowerengera zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa zomwe akufuna.
M'mawu ake, kampani ya ku Taiwan ya Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. (Foxconn) Eson Precision Ind Co Ltd inanena kuti kupanga pa chomera chake cha Kunshan kudzayimitsidwa mpaka October 1. Malinga ndi lipoti la Reuters, gwerolo linanena kuti chomera cha Foxconn cha Kunshan chinali ndi "zochepa kwambiri" pakupanga.
Mmodzi wa magwero anawonjezera kuti Foxconn anayenera "kusintha" gawo laling'ono la mphamvu zake zopangira kumeneko, kuphatikizapo kupanga ma laputopu omwe si a Apple, koma bizinesiyo sinazindikire kukhudzidwa kwakukulu kwa malo ena akuluakulu opanga zinthu ku China. Komabe, munthu wina adati kampaniyo idayenera kusamutsa antchito ena a Kunshan kuyambira kumapeto kwa Seputembala mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala.
Kuyambira 2011, China yawotcha malasha ambiri kuposa mayiko ena onse kuphatikiza. Malingana ndi deta yochokera ku kampani ya mafuta BP, China idawerengera 24% ya ntchito yamagetsi padziko lonse mu 2018. Akuti pofika chaka cha 2040, dziko la China lidzapitirizabe kukhala pamwamba pa mndandanda, zomwe zimawerengera 22% ya dziko lonse lapansi.
Boma la China lidapereka dongosolo lachitukuko cha mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa mu Disembala 2016 ngati chowonjezera ku "Ndondomeko Yazaka 13 Zazaka Zisanu" zachitukuko cha chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi zachuma, zomwe zikukhudza nthawi ya 2016-20. Idalonjeza kuonjezera gawo la mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso komanso zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zosakhala pansi mpaka 20% pofika 2030.
Mu 2017, mphamvu yopitilira 30% yopangidwanso m'zigawo za Xinjiang ndi Gansu kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa China sanagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ndi chifukwa chakuti mphamvu sizingaperekedwe kumene ikufunika - mizinda ikuluikulu yomwe ili ndi anthu ambiri kum'mawa kwa China, monga Shanghai ndi Beijing, ndi mtunda wa makilomita masauzande ambiri.
Malasha akadali pakati pa chuma chomwe chikukula kwambiri ku China. Mu 2019, idawerengera 58% yamagetsi onse mdziko muno. China iwonjezera 38.4 GW yamagetsi opangira malasha mu 2020, yomwe ndi yoposa katatu mphamvu yoyika padziko lonse lapansi.
Posachedwapa, Purezidenti wa China Xi Jinping adanena kuti dziko la China silidzamanganso magetsi atsopano opangira malasha kunja kwa nyanja. Dzikoli laganiza zokulitsa kudalira kwake kuzinthu zina zamagetsi ndipo lalonjeza kuti likwaniritsa kusalowerera ndale kwa carbon pofika 2060.
Malinga ndi a Reuters, kusowa kwa malasha, kukhwimitsa utsi, komanso kufunikira kwamphamvu kuchokera kumafakitale ndi mafakitale zapangitsa kuti mitengo ya malasha ikhale yokwera kwambiri ndipo zachititsa China kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake.
Kuyambira pafupifupi Marichi 2021, pomwe akuluakulu a Inner Mongolia Province adalamula mafakitale olemera, kuphatikiza chosungunulira aluminiyamu, kuti achepetse kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kuti akwaniritse zolinga zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mchigawochi mgawo loyamba, malo akulu aku China akhala akuvutika kuti athane ndi mitengo yamagetsi yaposachedwa. Kwezani ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zoletsa.
M'mwezi wa Meyi chaka chino, opanga ku Guangdong ku China ndi mayiko akuluakulu ogulitsa kunja adalandiranso zofunikira zofananira kuti achepetse kugwiritsa ntchito chifukwa cha nyengo yotentha komanso kutsika kwamphamvu kwamagetsi opangira magetsi opangira magetsi, zomwe zidayambitsa kusamvana kwa gridi.
Malinga ndi zomwe bungwe la National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) linanena, bungwe lalikulu lokonza mapulani ku China, zigawo 10 zokha mwa zigawo 30 zaku China zomwe zakwaniritsa zolinga zopulumutsa mphamvu m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira ya 2021.
Bungweli lidalengezanso mkatikati mwa Seputembala kuti madera omwe alephera kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo adzakumana ndi zilango zokulirapo, ndipo akuluakulu amderalo adzayimbidwa mlandu wochepetsa kufunikira kwa mphamvu m'magawo awo.
Chifukwa chake, maboma am'chigawo cha Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Yunnan ndi Guangdong alimbikitsa makampani kuti achepetse kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kapena kupanga.
Othandizira magetsi ena adadziwitsa ogwiritsa ntchito olemera kuti ayimitse kutulutsa nthawi yamphamvu kwambiri (yomwe imatha kuyambira 7am mpaka 11pm) kapena kutseka masiku awiri kapena atatu pa sabata, pomwe ena adalamulidwa kuti atseke mpaka atadziwitsidwanso kapena mpaka tsiku lina, mwachitsanzo, fakitale yopanga soya ku Tianjin kum'mawa kwa China idzatsekedwa pa Seputembala 22.
Zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi makampaniwa ndi zazikulu, kuphatikizapo malo opangira mphamvu monga aluminium smelting, kupanga zitsulo, kupanga simenti, ndi kupanga feteleza.
Malinga ndi malipoti, pafupifupi makampani 15 aku China omwe adatchulidwa omwe amapanga zida ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana akuti kusowa kwa magetsi kwapangitsa kuti kuyimitsidwa. Komabe, sizikudziwika kuti vuto la magetsi lidzatha liti.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-07-2021
